1 December 04, 2024
Articles
1. Artyom Yu. Peretyatko
Russian Empire Subjects in the Emirate of Bukhara and the Failed Visit of Sultan Seit-Ali Nur-Aliev for the Purpose of Their Returning (1813)
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 3-22.
Number of views: 11 Download in PDF
2. Semyon N. GontaSlavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 3-22.
Abstract:
The article is dedicated to the social structure of the Russian Empire subjects in the Emirate of Bukhara. The main source for its description is the previously uninvolved into scientific circulation materials on the failed 1813 visit to Bukhara by Sultan Seit-Ali Nur-Aliev for the purpose of transporting Russian Empire subjects from there. The article concludes that, despite statements by a number of Russian diplomats and military about grievous suffering of Russian captives in Bukhara, the real number of Russian slaves in the Emirate of Bukhara in the 19th century was relatively small. As estimated by P.I. Demezon, in the 1830s in the Emirate of Bukhara there were only about 500 “Russian captives”. When in the 1853 N.P. Ignat’ev was centrally liberating Russian slaves in Bukhara, only 10 people returned to Russian Empire, because others were “Bukharized”. But, according to S. Nur-Aliev and some other authors, a significant number of runaways from Russian Empire lived in Bukhara, who were afraid to return without pardon. At the same time the article shows that the problem of liberating slaves was extremely important to Russian officials, sometimes even interfering with their ability to perceive reality. Thus, even though S. Nur-Aliev clearly wrote that he intends to return “runaway people” from Bukhara to Russia, Orenburg Governor G.S. Volkonskii surmised that the Sultan plans to also buyout Russian slaves to return them home. And so, accordingly, the exaggerated importance given to Russian slaves in Bukhara in the narratives of some Russian authors of the 19th century is explained to be not a deliberate falsification, but such fault of perception.
The article is dedicated to the social structure of the Russian Empire subjects in the Emirate of Bukhara. The main source for its description is the previously uninvolved into scientific circulation materials on the failed 1813 visit to Bukhara by Sultan Seit-Ali Nur-Aliev for the purpose of transporting Russian Empire subjects from there. The article concludes that, despite statements by a number of Russian diplomats and military about grievous suffering of Russian captives in Bukhara, the real number of Russian slaves in the Emirate of Bukhara in the 19th century was relatively small. As estimated by P.I. Demezon, in the 1830s in the Emirate of Bukhara there were only about 500 “Russian captives”. When in the 1853 N.P. Ignat’ev was centrally liberating Russian slaves in Bukhara, only 10 people returned to Russian Empire, because others were “Bukharized”. But, according to S. Nur-Aliev and some other authors, a significant number of runaways from Russian Empire lived in Bukhara, who were afraid to return without pardon. At the same time the article shows that the problem of liberating slaves was extremely important to Russian officials, sometimes even interfering with their ability to perceive reality. Thus, even though S. Nur-Aliev clearly wrote that he intends to return “runaway people” from Bukhara to Russia, Orenburg Governor G.S. Volkonskii surmised that the Sultan plans to also buyout Russian slaves to return them home. And so, accordingly, the exaggerated importance given to Russian slaves in Bukhara in the narratives of some Russian authors of the 19th century is explained to be not a deliberate falsification, but such fault of perception.
Number of views: 11 Download in PDF
Comparative Analysis of the Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Saharan Slave Trade
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 23-32.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
3. Igor KoshkinSlavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 23-32.
Abstract:
This article is devoted to studying the issue of the trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trade, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of these two areas of the slave trade. The comparative analysis was carried out on 7 main points (chronology, geography, economic roles, gender ratio, racial-ethnic composition, the opportunity to become free and approximate damage), which in general form provide a sufficient picture for understanding the issue raised in this work. The research methodology is represented by both general scientific and special historical research methods. The structure of the article consists of 7 sections, each of which is devoted to a separate point of comparative analysis, and also shows the features of the areas of slave trade under consideration. In conclusion, the author draws conclusions about the characteristics of the areas of the slave trade considered in the work, and also provides conclusions for each point of the comparative analysis of the trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trade. It is separately noted that the trans-Saharan (Arab) slave trade has not currently received due attention and assessment, although this particular direction of the slave trade existed much longer than the trans-Atlantic (European) one and did not differ from it in its cruelty.
This article is devoted to studying the issue of the trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trade, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of these two areas of the slave trade. The comparative analysis was carried out on 7 main points (chronology, geography, economic roles, gender ratio, racial-ethnic composition, the opportunity to become free and approximate damage), which in general form provide a sufficient picture for understanding the issue raised in this work. The research methodology is represented by both general scientific and special historical research methods. The structure of the article consists of 7 sections, each of which is devoted to a separate point of comparative analysis, and also shows the features of the areas of slave trade under consideration. In conclusion, the author draws conclusions about the characteristics of the areas of the slave trade considered in the work, and also provides conclusions for each point of the comparative analysis of the trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trade. It is separately noted that the trans-Saharan (Arab) slave trade has not currently received due attention and assessment, although this particular direction of the slave trade existed much longer than the trans-Atlantic (European) one and did not differ from it in its cruelty.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
June 19 – “Slave Liberation Day”: A Historical Essay to the 160th Anniversary for the Abolition of Slavery in the United States
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 33-39.
Number of views: 8 Download in PDF
4. Anvar MamadalievSlavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 33-39.
Abstract:
The historical essay is dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the holiday symbolizing the abolition of slavery in the United States, namely on June 19. There were used as materials the works covering both the holiday itself and the history of the abolition of slavery in the United States. The research methods are the historical-systemic method, the content analysis method, the synthesis method, the classification method, and the historical-genetic method. The Day of Liberation from Slavery in the United States of America, known as Juneteenth, is celebrated annually on June 19 and symbolizes the abolition of slavery. The 46th President of the United States, Joe Biden Jr., by law of June 17, 2021, made this day a state (federal) holiday. This holiday has become the eleventh US public holiday. Today, the Day of Liberation from Slavery continues to be an important date in the American calendar. He recalls the difficult past of the country and emphasizes the importance of the struggle for freedom and equality for all citizens. Commemorative events are held on this day, including flower-laying ceremonies, readings of historical documents and speeches by public figures. The day is also used to discuss current issues related to racial inequality and discrimination and to find ways to solve them. The Day of Liberation from Slavery is a symbolic day for many Americans, especially for members of the African American community. It serves as a reminder of how far the country has come in the struggle for freedom and justice, but also indicates the need to continue this struggle. This is a day when people come together to honor the memory of those who fought for their rights and to reaffirm their commitment to the ideals of equality and freedom.
The historical essay is dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the holiday symbolizing the abolition of slavery in the United States, namely on June 19. There were used as materials the works covering both the holiday itself and the history of the abolition of slavery in the United States. The research methods are the historical-systemic method, the content analysis method, the synthesis method, the classification method, and the historical-genetic method. The Day of Liberation from Slavery in the United States of America, known as Juneteenth, is celebrated annually on June 19 and symbolizes the abolition of slavery. The 46th President of the United States, Joe Biden Jr., by law of June 17, 2021, made this day a state (federal) holiday. This holiday has become the eleventh US public holiday. Today, the Day of Liberation from Slavery continues to be an important date in the American calendar. He recalls the difficult past of the country and emphasizes the importance of the struggle for freedom and equality for all citizens. Commemorative events are held on this day, including flower-laying ceremonies, readings of historical documents and speeches by public figures. The day is also used to discuss current issues related to racial inequality and discrimination and to find ways to solve them. The Day of Liberation from Slavery is a symbolic day for many Americans, especially for members of the African American community. It serves as a reminder of how far the country has come in the struggle for freedom and justice, but also indicates the need to continue this struggle. This is a day when people come together to honor the memory of those who fought for their rights and to reaffirm their commitment to the ideals of equality and freedom.
Number of views: 8 Download in PDF
Michael Hamilton Jameson (1924–2004): Biographical Touches for the 100th Anniversary of His Birth
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 40-47.
Number of views: 10 Download in PDF
5. Vladyslava M. ZavhorodniaSlavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 40-47.
Abstract:
This study is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Michael Hamilton Jameson (1924–2004), a prominent Hellenist, specialist in the history of the Ancient World and historian of slavery. The material was the works of Jameson himself, as well as biographical descriptions posted in the public domain on the Internet. The research methods used are historiographical analysis (content analysis), biographical analysis and the synthesis method. Michael Jameson is one of the world's leading antiquarians, the author of several monographs and more than 60 articles on Hellenism. Fluent in several languages, Jameson published his articles in English, German and French. The most famous fundamental work, which was co-authored with Curtis Runnels and Tird van Andel, is the work “A Greek Countryside: The Southern Argolid from Prehistory to the Present Day”, which makes an in-depth analysis of the territory of part of Greece (Argolis) from ancient times to the present day. Jameson's research interests also include the problems of inscriptions preserved to this day on the territory of Greece, the quality of Hellenistic military-strategic art and politics, the vital activity of famous personalities, Hellenistic sacrifices and religion, the Greco-Persian wars, the evolution of individual territories, slavery, gender relations, etc. An important place in Jameson's work is occupied by works on archaeology, the author personally participated in excavations in Greece.
This study is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Michael Hamilton Jameson (1924–2004), a prominent Hellenist, specialist in the history of the Ancient World and historian of slavery. The material was the works of Jameson himself, as well as biographical descriptions posted in the public domain on the Internet. The research methods used are historiographical analysis (content analysis), biographical analysis and the synthesis method. Michael Jameson is one of the world's leading antiquarians, the author of several monographs and more than 60 articles on Hellenism. Fluent in several languages, Jameson published his articles in English, German and French. The most famous fundamental work, which was co-authored with Curtis Runnels and Tird van Andel, is the work “A Greek Countryside: The Southern Argolid from Prehistory to the Present Day”, which makes an in-depth analysis of the territory of part of Greece (Argolis) from ancient times to the present day. Jameson's research interests also include the problems of inscriptions preserved to this day on the territory of Greece, the quality of Hellenistic military-strategic art and politics, the vital activity of famous personalities, Hellenistic sacrifices and religion, the Greco-Persian wars, the evolution of individual territories, slavery, gender relations, etc. An important place in Jameson's work is occupied by works on archaeology, the author personally participated in excavations in Greece.
Number of views: 10 Download in PDF
Human Rights Abuses under Diplomatic Protection: The Issue of Modern Slavery and Forced Labor
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 48-58.
Number of views: 9 Download in PDF
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 48-58.
Abstract:
The article explores the complex dynamics of human rights violations within diplomatic immunity, focusing on modern slavery and forced labor practices. The core of the study highlights how diplomatic immunity, as governed by the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, has unintentionally sheltered exploitative practices in diplomatic households, where forced labor often occurs without consequence. This immunity complicates enforcement and justice efforts for victims, especially domestic workers trafficked into servitude within diplomatic residences. The article calls for more robust legal mechanisms and international cooperation to address these abuses effectively. Ultimately, the study stresses the need for a balanced approach that respects diplomatic protocols while preventing human rights violations. The decision in Basfar v. Wong, in which the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom held for the first time that the systematic exploitation of domestic labor for financial gain can be qualified as a "commercial activity" and thus not subject to diplomatic immunity, is considered as an important precedent in the context of the problem under study. This decision creates opportunities for new approaches in the protection of workers' rights and sets an example for other countries. In conclusion, the author advocates for a balanced approach to diplomatic immunity – one that respects the rights of states to protect their diplomats while ensuring that human rights abuses are addressed. International law must continue to evolve, with the application of immunity carefully scrutinized in cases of forced labor and human trafficking. This evolving interpretation promotes a necessary balance between diplomatic privilege and the protection of individual rights, underscoring that no individual or institution should be beyond the reach of justice when human rights are at stake.
The article explores the complex dynamics of human rights violations within diplomatic immunity, focusing on modern slavery and forced labor practices. The core of the study highlights how diplomatic immunity, as governed by the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, has unintentionally sheltered exploitative practices in diplomatic households, where forced labor often occurs without consequence. This immunity complicates enforcement and justice efforts for victims, especially domestic workers trafficked into servitude within diplomatic residences. The article calls for more robust legal mechanisms and international cooperation to address these abuses effectively. Ultimately, the study stresses the need for a balanced approach that respects diplomatic protocols while preventing human rights violations. The decision in Basfar v. Wong, in which the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom held for the first time that the systematic exploitation of domestic labor for financial gain can be qualified as a "commercial activity" and thus not subject to diplomatic immunity, is considered as an important precedent in the context of the problem under study. This decision creates opportunities for new approaches in the protection of workers' rights and sets an example for other countries. In conclusion, the author advocates for a balanced approach to diplomatic immunity – one that respects the rights of states to protect their diplomats while ensuring that human rights abuses are addressed. International law must continue to evolve, with the application of immunity carefully scrutinized in cases of forced labor and human trafficking. This evolving interpretation promotes a necessary balance between diplomatic privilege and the protection of individual rights, underscoring that no individual or institution should be beyond the reach of justice when human rights are at stake.
Number of views: 9 Download in PDF
Letters to the Editorial Office
6. Alexander A. Cherkas
About the Results of the 5th International Competition “Slavery in the past and present”
Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 59-60.
Number of views: 10 Download in PDF
7. Slavery: Theory and Practice. 2024. 9(1): 59-60.
Abstract:
On July 10, 2020, the annual international competition for the best research work “Slavery in the past and present” was established. The founders of the competition were the East European Historical Society, Cherkas Global University (Washington, USA), as well as the Centre for Behaviour and Wellness Advocacy (Ghana, Africa). In 2021–2023, the Second, Third and Fourth similar competitions were held, and on February 14, 2024, the 5th International Competition was announced. On December 2, 2024, the International day for the abolition of slavery, the expert commission of the competition summed up its work and selected the 5 best works. The winners represented countries such as the USA, Russia, Ukraine and Georgia. The works of the winners are published in the journal “Slavery: Theory and Practice” for 2024.
On July 10, 2020, the annual international competition for the best research work “Slavery in the past and present” was established. The founders of the competition were the East European Historical Society, Cherkas Global University (Washington, USA), as well as the Centre for Behaviour and Wellness Advocacy (Ghana, Africa). In 2021–2023, the Second, Third and Fourth similar competitions were held, and on February 14, 2024, the 5th International Competition was announced. On December 2, 2024, the International day for the abolition of slavery, the expert commission of the competition summed up its work and selected the 5 best works. The winners represented countries such as the USA, Russia, Ukraine and Georgia. The works of the winners are published in the journal “Slavery: Theory and Practice” for 2024.
Number of views: 10 Download in PDF